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Western Journal of Nursing Research, Vol. 19, No. 3, 364-378 (1997)
DOI: 10.1177/019394599701900307

A Triangulation Approach to Testing a Family Instrument

Marie-Luise Friedemann

University of Detroit Mercy, College of Health Professions

A. Ann Smith

Wayne State University, College of Nursing

Sequential triangulation was used to test the validity of the Assessment of Strategies in Families (ASF), a screening tool for family effectiveness, and its application to families experiencing chronic pain. First, 30 subjects with chronic pain completed the questionnaire. Next, for the purpose of item validation, the subjects explained their thought process for each choice on the questionnaire. Results showed that they interpreted the items as intended. Subjects then responded to a semistructured interview about their perception aboutfamily stability and growth patterns. Thematic analysis suggested a tendency toward isolation from the community, intense involvement in each other's lives, and rigid control offamily operations. ASF results reflected the trends by a low family-growth subscore, and a high or low stability score, depending on the success in achieving cooperation offamily members. Thefindings suggest the instrument is valid and appropriate to screen families with chronic pain.


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