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Western Journal of Nursing Research, Vol. 26, No. 8, 836-852 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/0193945904269292

Postoperative Pain Communication Skills for Older Adults

Deborah Dillon McDonald

University of Connecticut School of Nursing

Sheila L. Molony

Quality Improvement, Connecticut Community Care, Inc.

This study tested the effect of a preoperative pain communication intervention on older adults’ ability to obtain pain relief after a total knee arthroplasty. A posttest-only experimental design was used to compare older adults randomly assigned to (a) view a pain management and pain communication film, (b) view the pain management film only, or (c) receive standard care only. Initial method adjustments decreased potential error in the study. Adjustments included testing only total knee arthroplasty patients receiving standard physical therapy and omitting unreliable measures from the analyses. Recruitment of the standard care group was halted when differences emerged between the remaining groups. Older adults in the communication group reported significantly less sensory pain on postoperative Day 1 than older adults in the pain management only group. Teaching older adults both pain communication skills and pain management information before surgery might result in greater pain relief during the early postoperative period.

Key Words: pain • older adult • postoperative pain • educational intervention • communication


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