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Western Journal of Nursing Research, Vol. 28, No. 4, 449-468 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0193945906286613

Determinants of Older Rural Women’s Activity and Eating

Susan Noble Walker

University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, swalker{at}unmc.edu

Carol H. Pullen

University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha

Melody Hertzog

University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha

Linda Boeckner

University of Nebraska Panhandle Research and Extension Center, Scottsbluff

Patricia A. Hageman

University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha

This research examined the relationship of cognitive-perceptual determinants from the Health Promotion Model to physical activity and healthy eating at baseline of a clinical trial among rural women aged 50 to 69. Two multivariate regression analyses with canonical correlation (N = 179) each yielded one interpretable canonical variate that explained similar amounts of variance (21.7% and 22.5%) in sets of activity and eating variables. In both analyses, the determinants set is a linear combination of all four cognitive-perceptual constructs from the model (perceived self-efficacy, benefits, barriers, interpersonal influences). The activity behavior set included caloric expenditure, VO2max, and stretching and strengthening activity, whereas the eating behavior set included daily percentage of calories from fat and servings of fruits and vegetables, meat, and whole grains. As predicted by theory, greater self-efficacy, benefits and interpersonal support, and fewer barriers are associated with desirable healthy lifestyle behaviors.

Key Words: midlife and older rural women • physical activity • diet • Health Promotion Model • health behavior determinants • multivariate analysis


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