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Western Journal of Nursing Research
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Barriers and Strategies for Recruiting Study Participants in Clinical Settings

Susan Sullivan-Bolyai

University of Massachusetts, Worcester, susan.sullivan-bolyai{at}umassmed.edu

Carol Bova

University of Massachusetts, Worcester

Janet A. Deatrick

University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

Kathy Knafl

Oregon Health & Science University, Portland

Margaret Grey

Yale School of Nursing, New Haven, Connecticut

Katherine Leung

University of Massachusetts, Worcester

Allison Trudeau

University of Massachusetts, Worcester

Recruiting participants for research studies is often a challenging task. Recruitment requires careful planning, collaboration, and flexibility on the part of researchers and health care providers at the recruitment sites. This article describes six major barriers to recruiting study participants as identified from a review of the literature and from the coauthors' research experiences. These barriers include challenges related to regulations of the Health Insurance Portabililty and Accountability Act (HIPAA), health care providers' work burden, providers' financial disincentives, competition, health care provider concerns regarding research, and provider protection of patients. Each barrier is described, and specific strategies are suggested based on the empirical literature. In some instances, the coauthors' experiences are also shared.

Key Words: clinical research • HIPAA • recruitment barriers • participant recruitment

Western Journal of Nursing Research, Vol. 29, No. 4, 486-500 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0193945907299658
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